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Enzyme polymorphism was investigated in more than 400 probands frorri three population groups in Korea. ALDH 1 phenotypes were determined using hair-root samples after isoelectric focusing. For phenotyping of sulfadimidine acetylation, a test close of sulfadimidine was applicated to the fasting probands and acetylation rate after two hours was estimated in blood by a spectrophotometric method. ALADH and PGM1 common types were studied on starch gel and Glo on agarose gel by means of conventional electrophoretic techniques. PGM1 subtyping was also performed by IEF. Out of 420 probands tested about 26% showed a lack of ALDH 1 isozyme, and the frequency obtained has proved to be the lowest of all the Asiatic populations so far examined. A maximum likelihood estimate of our gene frequency in Ac (Ac*S = 0.51) was similar to that in other Oriental populations, while the frequency value was extremely lower than in Europeans and African Blacks. The Korean frequency of ALADH*1 (0.955-0.970) was close to the values found in Japanese, while it was somewhat intermediate between those reported from Europeans and African populations in which ALADH*1 is known to be fixed. Our frequency value of AcP*B (0.81) was not significantly different from that found among other ethnic groups of Orientals; it was apparently higher than Europeans but lower compared to African Blacks; AcP*C could not be observed in our samples. The Glo*1 frequency (0.12) in our samples corresponds well with the results reported from Northern China, and the low frequency of this allele appears to be a characteristic of the Orientals. Two rare PGM 1 phenotypes (8-1 and 6-2) were observed in this study beside the common genes 1 and 2. Average gene frequencies of PGM1 subtypes (PGM* la = 0.65; PGM*2a = 0.20; PGM*3a=0.098; PGM * 4a = 0. 040) observed in this study correspond with the data of Japanese populations and three minorities in Northern China. In our study, the sum of the allele frequencies of PGM*la and PGM*3a was essentially the same as the PGM*1 allele frequency, PGM*2a and PGM*4a had a frequency of 0.242, which is similar to the PGM*2 allele.
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